The History of Phipps Conservatory and Botanical Gardens

The Phipps Conservatory and Botanical Gardens hasIn 1978, the Phipps Conservatory was again closed
a long and interesting history. It first opened in 1893.for a period of time. It was closed for 18 months not
It was built by Henry Phipps to be a place ofbecause of any damages, but rather to make
education and relaxation. Henry Phipps insisted thatsubstantial improvements both inside and outside the
the conservatory must be open on Sundays so thatconservatory. Some of the renovations that were
workers could visit on their day off. The originaldone included redesigning a few of the greenhouses,
building had nine rooms that were designed by a Newreplacing glass panels and adding new growing
York firm called Lord and Burnham for $100,000. Thebenches to the production greenhouses.
first plants to be used in the conservatory cameIn 2003, an ambitious expansion project spanning
from the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago,several years began. Phase one was completed in
once the exposition ended in November 1893. Also of2005 with the opening of a new 11,000 square foot
note is the fact that admission was free to Phippsbuilding to welcome visitors. It is the first public
until after the early 1940's.garden visitor center in the US to be LEED Certified
In 1931, the already impressive collection of plants at(Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design).
the Phipps Conservatory and Botanical Gardens wasPhase two of the Phipps Conservatory expansion
expanded. The owner of the Armstrong Corkproject completed in 2006 and consisted of two
Company, Charles D. Armstrong, donated 800 raremajor accomplishments. The first one is the addition
orchids. At the time, they were valued at $50,000.of 36,000 square feet of new production
It is interesting to note that the first plants on displaygreenhouses. The second accomplishment is the
were usually placed in pots on benches that wereopening of a new 12,000 square foot public
two to three feet tall. In 1935, Ralph Griswold, thegreenhouse called the Tropical Forest Conservatory.
head of the Phipps Conservatory's horticultureIt has multiple levels, has a more educational focus
department began to change this style of gardening.and has a theme that will change every two years.
He began to place the plants in a more natural gardenPhase three began in 2007. The first part of this
setting, much like the designs that currently exist inphase is to concentrate on fundraising and designing.
the conservatory.The goal of the third phase is to design and build a
The conservatory was closed from February 1937 to"living" building. Phase three will also include a Center
September 1938 due to a windstorm. The windstormfor Sustainable Landscapes, new administrative
was so severe that it shattered the glass panes inoffices and educational space. This expansion phase is
the greenhouses. As well, the distinctive arch on thescheduled to be completed in 2010.
roof of the Palm Court had to be removed becauseThe story of the Phipps Conservatory and Botanical
it was so badly damaged. It took 20 months toGardens is not over. It continues to change and to
repair all the damage that the conservatorybe a leader of gardens open to the public in the
sustained. When it reopened, Phipps hosted the FallUnited States.
Flower Show of 1938.