Swimming Pool Surrounds Part 1 - Paving Flags

This article is about installing paving flags around anIf the original ground around the pool is high enough
in-ground swimming pool. From an aesthetic point ofand hard enough 150mm thick concrete slabs
view the pool itself is a small area of water thatreinforced by a high tensile mesh reinforcement
reflects the colours of the overhead sky and theshould be installed. They should be supported at one
pool walls and floor. It is the paving and landscapingend by the pool wall and at the other end by the
that makes or mars the appearance of a swimmingground around the pool that was not dug out so at
pool and so it is worthwhile taking lots of care andthey span across the gap between the back of the
trouble to get it right.pool walls. Then subsidence is reduced to virtually
So what is the most important thing about thezero.
design of paving around a new swimming pool? TheIf the surrounding ground is to low or too soft the
obvious answer is that it needs to look good butlevels need to be built up to support the outer ends
that is the wrong answer! The right answer is that itof the concrete slabs. This can be done with the pool
needs to be structurally stable. If it is not it may lookexcavation arisings in thin layers not exceeding
good for a few weeks but when it starts to settle -150mm in thickness. Ideally these layers should be
as so many do - the whole pool will look dilapidatedleveled and tracked in with a digger weighing at least
and neglected. The old truism in all the building trades2.75 tonnes and the upper levels immediately below
that the preparation is the most important part ofthe slabs should be compacted with a roller or
the process is never truer then when applied tocompactor.
paving around a pool.If the excavation arisings are unsuitable because of a
Not only is the support structure the most importanthigh silt or clay content gravel or crushed rock fill
part it is also normally the most costly. In practicemay need to be brought in.
most in-ground pools will have a gap up to 500 mmWhen the pool walls are not strong enough to
wide between the outside of the pool walls and thesupport these reinforced concrete slabs they can be
edge of the original excavation for the poolsupported by concrete block piers that are installed
installation. The backfilling to this gap can cruciallyat right angles to the pool wall and 2 metres apart.
affect the stability of the pool walls but I will dealThis adds a lot to the cost of the pool and is one of
with this in another article.the reasons why kit pools are really a waste of
The main issue from the pool paving viewpoint is thatmoney.
this gap is never backfilled with properly compactedMost pools will have concrete or re-constituted
soil for all kinds of reasons. So when it rains and thiscoping stones (margelles in France). The best practice
backfill settles there should be a structure in placeis to ensure that the top surface of the surrounding
that supports the paving - otherwise it will subside.paving flags are installed flush with the top of the
With many kit pools, the pool walls are not strongcoping stones so there is no step that can be a trip
enough to support the weight of the structurehazard.
needed to span across this gap and so subsidence isMost paving flag layers prefer to lay the paving flags
inevitable. Because of this many pool builders do noton a bed of wet mortar that is about 50 mm thick.
recommend the installation of paving around theirThe paving flags should be at least 35 mm thick
pools until at least two winters have passed afterbecause thinner ones will break up under low
backfilling around the pool has been completed. Buttemperature freezing conditions in Europe and the
who wants to wait two years to get their poolnorthern US. The top of the paving flags and the
looking good?coping stones will be flush if the top of the
Heavy pool walls, like concrete block walls , can easilyreinforced concrete slabs is set 85mm below the top
be designed to support reinforced concrete slabsof the coping stone level.
that bridge across this gap. So the best bet is to buildJust remember that the paving around the pool will
a pool with walls that can support reinforcedmake or mar the appearance of the pool. The cost
concrete slabs that in turn support the paving flags.of doing it properly should be less than 10% of the
These concrete slabs should be installed with a slopepool cost so there is no excuse if it is not done
of about 1 in 50 away from the pool edge to ensureproperly.
that rainwater drains away from the pool.