Green Building - Sustainable, Energy Efficient, Quality Construction Under Threat

In the midst of our recent economic crisis, the USSome of the larger builders have developed smaller
federal government's interventionist policies haveplans, but they have mostly done so to meet the
again redeployed finite resources in contravention tolower price points that the government influenced
market forces. Consumers and many custom buildersmarket demanded. They are not increasing the
have been pushing for better quality, sustainable,quality, sustainability or energy efficiency of their new
energy efficient construction. Unfortunately thesehomes. Though not all large home construction has
market forces have been overcome by governmentstopped, only the truly wealthy, who tend to build
intervention. The government has incentives for firstbetter constructed homes, are still building. Homes of
time homebuyers who typically purchase cheaperthis quality usually include energy efficient systems
starter homes. As a result almost all new constructionand last much longer; both qualities of sustainable
is being undertaken by large tract builders whoconstruction. Much has been written about
specialize in cheap housing. This end of the market is"McMansion" homes, but generally homes in this
very price sensitive leading these builders tomarket are not included. That is discussion for
continued with larger designs that sacrifice quality foranother day.
size.While tract home builders dominate the starter home
Contrary to the belief of the US Congress, capitalsegment, custom builders control the large home
cannot be created by printing money or authorizingmarket. The real battle will be for the "move up
programs intended to create jobs. In a free marketmarket". This market will determine the character of
capital is deployed efficiently to areas with the bestAmerican housing for the foreseeable future. Move
returns. When the government intervenes, it mayup consumers will chose between low quality,
skew the use of resources to less efficientlower-cost homes built by large corporate builders
enterprises. History provides us with numerousand high quality, higher-cost homes built by small
examples, but we do not have to look far back tocustom builders. Given the same available dollar for
see one of the best.construction, the tradeoff is size for quality.
The deep recession we are experiencing resulted inAssuming market forces determine lending limits, the
large part from government interference in theaverage price of homes in the move up segment will
housing market. The American dream has becomelikely remain much lower than previously experienced.
the American nightmare. Successive governments,At the peak the move up segment ranged easily into
both Democrat and Republican, since the Greatthe $1M plus range. Those who grew accustom to
Depression have done everything they can tothe quality of higher priced homes will not likely
encourage privately owned housing. Governmentabandon their affinity for hardwood floors,
bureaucracies like the Federal Housing Administrationcommercial-grade appliances, custom cabinets and
and government sponsored, now governmentgranite tops. To match those features with a lower
owned, entities like Fannie Mae and Freddie Mactotal budget, consumers will need to build smaller, high
artificially created a market for low interest loans toquality homes. The skill set to build these homes lies
high risk customers. In a perfect storm, the Federalwith the custom builder.
Reserve artificially depressed interest rates for aIf Americans are truly interested reducing
short-term economic boost.dependence on foreign energy and increasing
Without artificially low rates and low credit standards,sustainability in the housing market, we will need to
it is unlikely that the production of homes would havedecide to build smaller homes to offset the higher
risen from 1.6M in 2001 to almost 2.1M by 2005. Postcost of quality construction. While it is possible that
deflation the housing starts fell to 554,000 in 2009. Attract builders may chose to build smaller, their main
the beginning of the expansion, the Federal Fundsadvantage currently is delivering large size for a low
Rate in January 2001 stood at 6%. When housingprice. Their organizations are not set up to deal with
peaked the rate had been lowered to 1%. Not onlythe custom aspects that would make their housing
did the volume of construction increase during thatsustainable or more energy efficient. Through builder
time, but the size of homes increase dramatically asassociation programs custom builders have become
did the price. Consumers were encouraged by lendersmuch more educated in energy efficient, sustainable
to purchase the largest home they could afford tobuilding to go along with their inherent quality.
take advantage of a once in a lifetime opportunity.The question now is whether the government will
Capital that might otherwise have been used in othercontinue to incent consumers to continue a behavior
areas of the economy was deployed in housing atpattern contrary to free market forces. If all new
artificially low rates. The result was catastrophic.construction continues in the low end of the market,
The same government is again intervening throughit will drive many of the remaining custom builders
first-time homebuyer tax credits. Coupled with lowfrom the market. Already the number of builders
interest FHA loans having 3% down payments, theybelonging to professional organizations like the
are creating some of the previously existingNational Association of Home Builders has been
conditions. In addition to risking another bubble, thedrastically reduced. Most small custom builders are
tax credits funded by all taxpaying Americans aresurviving only through remodel work, but if the
being funneled to large corporate builders thatmarket continues much longer many will likely move
specialize in low-end housing. This is evidenced by theto other work. Rebuilding the knowledge base and
fall in the median sales price in 2009 to $209,000expertise may take years and impact the overall
from a high of $262,000 in 2007.quality negatively for year to come.