Eco Towns in the UK

You would be hard pushed in our current times toother day-to-day uses, this can only be achieved by
not be aware of the debates surroundingincreasing the on-site generation. For Fairglen the
environmental change and the efforts ofeconomic option would have been a wind-turbine, but
governments and individuals to encourage sustainablethe sheltered location of the site precluded this
living.  The recent announcement by the Britishoption. So to achieve this we came up with the idea
Government of four new eco towns to beof purchasing some generating capacity at an
developed around the UK creating 1000’s ofestablished or new wind farm elsewhere, and passing
‘carbon neutral’ homes is a good example ofthis asset to the owners. We could have done this
investment in this area.  Surely a popular move,with the money saved on Stamp Duty Land Tax
great for the environment and a vote winner?  Butpayments which would have been zero rated had we
has this really been thought through and what areachieved zero carbon. However, we were barred
the cost implications, and more importantly is there afrom doing this by the regulations, which state that
better way to achieve carbon neutral housing in ourthe generation would have to be
communities?‘hard-wired’ to the development and not
Looking at one location; St Austell, Cornwall - a fewjust owned by it in order to qualify. This in spite of
unique factors are present which need to bethe fact that a high percentage would then have
considered alongside these plans.  Currently inbeen sold back and exported into the national grid, a
Cornwall there is a huge gulf between income levelsgreat solution for the environment as a whole”.
and affordable housing.  Affordable housing is one ofEncouraging eco houses is essential and these should
the key elements that will help sustain localbe as close to zero-carbon as possible. However, as
communities in Cornwall.  It is hard to see how thiscan be seen in the example above the legislation
site will be able to be affordable without very heavymade it impossible for the developers to achieve the
subsidy; eco homes are more expensive to developcarbon neutral status.  Their wind sheltered area did
and the area for the scheme needs substantialnot lend itself kindly to wind generation.  Does this
investment to create an attractive living environment.mean that all new developments will need to be at
A few forward thinking developers in Cornwall arethe top of hills so that they can benefit from
presently offering eco homes on the market; willincreased wind-speed for generation?  In spite of
these new eco towns make their efforts overthe fact that they will lose more heat up there and
priced?  Surely it would be more effective toneed correspondingly more energy. Why does the
incentivize developers and individuals to use ecogenerating of power need to be ‘hard
building techniques on any new house andwired’ to the house?  Any energy created in a
development.  By subsidizing solar energy, windgreen way surely is good for the environment as a
energy, rain water harvesting and similar product andwhole.
techniques they will be more affordable to the massReturning to our case study of St Austell Eco
market and used more widely.Towns, many questions remain unanswered.  We
To achieve carbon neutral housing a number ofare yet to see how these eco homes will truly
targets have to be achieved.  Presently for aimpact on the local communities and how much
housing development to achieve this status they willinvestment will be needed from the government to
be rewarded by saving themselves considerable sumsmake them affordable.  Present legislation in the
of money through Stamp Duty Land Tax payments,area of eco developments and carbon neutral housing
a strong incentive for any canny developer. needs to be reassessed, to provide practical solutions
However there are problems that can rear their uglyfor eco house building.  Ultimately we need to
heads as realised by Simon Williams from Percychange the mindset of all house builders and show
Williams and Sons, developers of eco homes inthem that building an eco home will not be a pain in
Cornwall:the wallet.  Perhaps this is where the government
“The houses at Fairglen in Hayle with their hugeshould be directing their investment and not into
levels of insulation and energy-efficient features aregrand scale vote winning schemes as seen in these
not actually zero-carbon, as there will inevitably benew eco towns.
energy used for domestic appliances, lighting and