The Evolution Deceit

The theory of evolution is a philosophy and aErik Trinkaus from New Mexico University writes:
conception of the world that produces falseDetailed comparisons of Neanderthal skeletal remains
hypotheses, assumptions and imaginary scenarios inwith those of modern humans have shown that
order to explain the existence and origin of life inthere is nothing in Neanderthal anatomy that
terms of mere coincidences. The roots of thisconclusively indicates locomotor, manipulative,
philosophy go back as far as antiquity and ancientintellectual, or linguistic abilities inferior to those of
Greece.modern humans.(10)
All atheist philosophies that deny creation, ectly or inIn fact, Neanderthals even had some "evolutionary"
ectly embrace and defend the idea of evolution. Theadvantages over modern men. The cranial capacity
same condition today applies to all the ideologies andof Neanderthals was larger than that of the modern
systems that are antagonistic to religion.man and they were more robust and muscular than
Charles Darwinwe are. Trinkaus adds:
The evolutionary notion has been cloaked in a"One of the most characteristic features of the
scientific disguise for the last century and a half inNeanderthals is the exaggerated massiveness of their
order to justify itself. Though put forward as atrunk and limb bones. All of the preserved bones
supposedly scientific theory during the mid-19thsuggest a strength seldom attained by modern
century, the theory, despite all the best efforts of itshumans. Furthermore, not only is this robustness
advocates, has not so far been verified by anypresent among the adult males, as one might expect,
scientific finding or experiment. Indeed, the "verybut it is also evident in the adult females,
science" on which the theory depends so greatly hasadolescents, and even children."
demonstrated and continues to demonstrateTo put it precisely, Neanderthals are a particular
repeatedly that the theory has no merit in reality.human race that assimilated with other races in time.
Laboratory experiments and probabilistic calculationsAll of these factors show that the scenario of
have definitely made it clear that the proteins from"human evolution" fabricated by evolutionists is a
which life arises cannot have been formed by chance.figment of their imaginations, and that men have
The cell, which supposedly emerged by chance underalways been men and apes always apes.
primitive and uncontrolled terrestrial conditionsCan Life Result from Coincidences as Evolution
according to evolutionists, still cannot be synthesizedArgues?
even in the most sophisticated, high-tech laboratoriesThe theory of evolution holds that life started with a
of the 20th century. Not a single "transitional form",cell that formed by chance under primitive earth
creatures which are supposed to show the gradualconditions. Let us therefore examine the composition
evolution of advanced organisms from more primitiveof the cell with simple comparisons in order to show
ones as neo-Darwinist theory claims, has ever beenhow irrational it is to ascribe the existence of the cell
found anywhere in the world despite the most- a structure which still maintains its mystery in many
diligent and prolonged search in the fossil record.respects, even at a time when we are about to set
Striving to gather evidence for evolution, evolutionistsfoot in the 21st century - to natural phenomena and
have unwittingly proven by their own hands thatcoincidences.
evolution cannot have happened at all!With all its operational systems, systems of
The person who originally put forward the theory ofcommunication, transportation and management, a
evolution, essentially in the form that it is defendedcell is no less complex than any city. It contains
today, was an amateur English biologist by the namepower stations producing the energy consumed by
of Charles Robert Darwin. Darwin first published histhe cell, factories manufacturing the enzymes and
ideas in a book entitled The Origin of Species byhormones essential for life, a databank where all
Means of Natural Selection in 1859. Darwin claimed innecessary information about all products to be
his book that all living beings had a common ancestorproduced is recorded, complex transportation
and that they evolved from one another by meanssystems and pipelines for carrying raw materials and
of natural selection. Those that best adapted to theproducts from one place to another, advanced
habitat transferred their traits to subsequentlaboratories and refineries for breaking down
generations, and by accumulating over great epochs,imported raw materials into their usable parts, and
these advantageous qualities transformed individualsspecialized cell membrane proteins for the control of
into totally different species from their ancestors.incoming and outgoing materials. These constitute
The human being was thus the most developedonly a small part of this incredibly complex system.
product of the mechanism of natural selection. InFar from being formed under primitive earth
short, the origin of one species was another species.conditions, the cell, which in its composition and
Darwin's fanciful ideas were seized upon andmechanisms is so complex, cannot be synthesized in
promoted by certain ideological and political circles andeven the most sophisticated laboratories of our day.
the theory became very popular. The main reasonEven with the use of amino acids, the building blocks
was that the level of knowledge of those days wasof the cell, it is not possible to produce so much as a
not yet sufficient to reveal that Darwin's imaginarysingle organelle of the cell, such as mitochondria or
scenarios were false. When Darwin put forward hisribosome, much less a whole cell. The first cell claimed
assumptions, the disciplines of genetics, microbiology,to have been produced by evolutionary coincidence is
and biochemistry did not yet exist. If they had,as much a figment of the imagination and a product
Darwin might easily have recognized that his theoryof fantasy as the unicorn.
was totally unscientific and thus would not haveProteins Challenge Coincidence
attempted to advance such meaningless claims: theAnd it is not just the cell that cannot be produced:
information determining species already exists in thethe formation, under natural conditions, of even a
genes and it is impossible for natural selection tosingle protein of the thousands of complex protein
produce new species by altering genes.molecules making up a cell is impossible.
While the echoes of Darwin's book reverberated, anProteins are giant molecules consisting of amino acids
Austrian botanist by the name of Gregor Mendelarranged in a particular sequence in certain quantities
discovered the laws of inheritance in 1865. Althoughand structures. These molecules constitute the
little known before the end of the century, Mendel'sbuilding blocks of a living cell. The simplest is
discovery gained great importance in the early 1900scomposed of 50 amino acids; but there are some
with the birth of the science of genetics. Some timeproteins that are composed of thousands of amino
later, the structures of genes and chromosomesacids. The absence, addition, or replacement of a
were discovered. The discovery, in the 1950s, of thesingle amino acid in the structure of a protein in living
DNA molecule, which incorporates genetic information,cells, each of which has a particular function, causes
threw the theory of evolution into a great crisis,the protein to become a useless molecular heap.
because the origin of the immense amount ofIncapable of demonstrating the "accidental formation"
information in DNA could not possibly be explained byof amino acids, the theory of evolution founders on
coincidental happenings.the point of the formation of proteins.
Besides all these scientific developments, noWe can easily demonstrate, with simple probability
transitional forms, which were supposed to show thecalculations anybody can understand, that the
gradual evolution of living organisms from primitive tofunctional structure of proteins can by no means
advanced species, have ever been found despitecome about by chance.
years of search.There are twenty different amino acids. If we
These developments ought to have resulted inconsider that an average-sized protein molecule is
Darwin's theory being banished to the dustbin ofcomposed of 288 amino acids, there are 10375
history. However, it was not, because certain circlesdifferent combinations of acids. Of all of these
insisted on revising, renewing, and elevating thepossible sequences, only "one" forms the desired
theory to a scientific platform. These efforts gainprotein molecule. The other amino-acid chains are
meaning only if we realize that behind the theory lieeither completely useless or else potentially harmful
ideological intentions rather than scientific concerns.to living things. In other words, the probability of the
Nevertheless, some circles that believed in thecoincidental formation of only one protein molecule
necessity of upholding a theory that had reached ancited above is "1 in 10375 ". The probability of this "1"
impasse soon set up a new model. The name of thisoccurring out of an "astronomical" number consisting
new model was neo-Darwinism. According to thisof 1 followed by 375 zeros is for all practical
theory, species evolved as a result of mutations,purposes zero; it is impossible. Furthermore, a protein
minor changes in their genes, and the fittest onesmolecule of 288 amino acids is rather a modest one
survived through the mechanism of natural selection.compared with some giant protein molecules
When, however, it was proved that the mechanismsconsisting of thousands of amino acids. When we
proposed by neo-Darwinism were invalid and minorapply similar probability calculations to these giant
changes were not sufficient for the formation ofprotein molecules, we see that even the word
living beings, evolutionists went on to look for new"impossible" becomes inadequate.
models. They came up with a new claim calledIf the coincidental formation of even one of these
"punctuated equilibrium" that rests on no rational orproteins is impossible, it is billions of times more
scientific grounds. This model held that living beingsimpossible for approximately one million of those
suddenly evolved into another species without anyproteins to come together by chance in an organized
transitional forms. In other words, species with nofashion and make up a complete human cell.
evolutionary "ancestors" suddenly appeared. This wasMoreover, a cell is not merely a collection of proteins.
a way of describing creation, though evolutionistsIn addition to proteins, cells also include nucleic acids,
would be loath to admit this. They tried to cover itcarbohydrates, lipids, vitamins, and many other
up with incomprehensible scenarios. For instance, theychemicals such as electrolytes, all of which are
said that the first bird in history could all of a suddenarranged harmoniously and with design in specific
inexplicably have popped out of a reptile egg. Theproportions, both in terms of structure and function.
same theory also held that carnivorous land-dwellingEach functions as a building block or component in
animals could have turned into giant whales, havingvarious organelles. The probability of an average
undergone a sudden and comprehensiveprotein molecule comprising five hundred amino acids
transformation.being arranged in the correct proportion and
These claims, totally contradicting all the rules ofsequence in addition to the probability of all of the
genetics, biophysics, and biochemistry are as scientificamino acids it contains being only left-handed and
as fairy-tales of frogs turning into princes!being combined only with peptide bonds is "1" divided
Nevertheless, being distressed by the crisis that theby 10950. We can write this number, which is formed
neo-Darwinist assertion was in, some evolutionistby putting 950 zeros after 1, as follows:
paleontologists embraced this theory, which has the10 950 =
distinction of being even more bizarre than,000,000,000,000,000,000,
neo-Darwinism itself.,000,000,000,000,000,000,
The only purpose of this model was to provide an,000,000,000,000,000,000,
explanation for the gaps in the fossil record that the,000,000,000,000,000,000,
neo-Darwinist model could not explain. However, it is,000,000,000,000,000,000,
hardly rational to attempt to explain the gap in the,000,000,000,000,000,000,
fossil record of the evolution of birds with a claim,000,000,000,000,000,000,
that "a bird popped all of a sudden out of a reptile,000,000,000,000,000,000,
egg", because, by the evolutionists' own admission,,000,000,000,000,000,000,
the evolution of a species to another species requires,000,000,000,000,000,000,
a great and advantageous change in genetic,000,000,000,000,000,000,
information. However, no mutation whatsoever,000,000,000,000,000,000,
improves the genetic information or adds new,000,000,000,000,000,000,
information to it. Mutations only derange genetic,000,000,000,000,000,000,
information. Thus, the "gross mutations" imagined by,000,000,000,000,000,000,
the punctuated equilibrium model, would only cause,000,000,000,000,000,000,
"gross", that is "great", reductions and impairments in
the genetic information.As we have seen, evolution is unable to explain the
The theory of punctuated equilibrium was obviouslyformation of even a single protein out of the millions
merely a product of the imagination. Despite thisin the cell, let alone explain the cell.
evident truth, the advocates of evolution did notProf. Dr. Ali Demirsoy, one of the foremost
hesitate to honor this theory. The fact that theauthorities of evolutionist thought in Turkey, in his
model of evolution proposed by Darwin could not bebook Kalitim ve Evrim (Inheritance and Evolution),
proved by the fossil record forced them to do so.discusses the probability of the accidental formation
Darwin claimed that species underwent a gradualof Cytochrome-C, one of the essential enzymes for
change, which necessitated the existence of half-birdlife:
half-reptile or half-fish/half-reptile freaks. However,The probability of the formation of a Cytochrome-C
not even one of these "transitional forms" was foundsequence is as likely as zero. That is, if life requires a
despite the extensive studies of evolutionists and thecertain sequence, it can be said that this has a
hundreds of thousands of fossils that wereprobability likely to be realized once in the whole
unearthed.universe. Otherwise, some metaphysical powers
Evolutionists seized upon the model of punctuatedbeyond our definition should have acted in its
equilibrium with the hope of concealing this greatformation. To accept the latter is not appropriate to
fossil fiasco. As we have stated before, it was verythe goals of science. We therefore have to look into
evident that this theory is a fantasy, so it very soonthe first hypothesis.(11)
consumed itself. The model of punctuated equilibriumAfter these lines, Demirsoy admits that this
was never put forward as a consistent model, butprobability, which he accepted just because it was
rather used as an escape in cases that plainly did not"more appropriate to the goals of science", is
fit the model of gradual evolution. Since evolutionistsunrealistic:
today realize that complex organs such as eyes,The probability of providing the particular amino acid
wings, lungs, brain and others explicitly refute thesequence of Cytochrome-C is as unlikely as the
model of gradual evolution, in these particular pointspossibility of a monkey writing the history of
they are compelled to take shelter in the fantastichumanity on a typewriter - taking it for granted that
interpretations of the model of punctuated equilibrium.the monkey pushes the keys at random.(12)
Is there any Fossil Record to Verify the Theory ofThe correct sequence of proper amino acids is simply
Evolution?not enough for the formation of one of the protein
The theory of evolution argues that the evolution ofmolecules present in living things. Besides this, each of
a species into another species takes place gradually,the twenty different types of amino acid present in
step-by-step over millions of years. The logicalthe composition of proteins must be left-handed.
inference drawn from such a claim is that monstrousChemically, there are two different types of amino
living organisms called "transitional forms" should haveacids called "left-handed" and "right-handed". The
lived during these periods of transformation. Sincedifference between them is the mirror-symmetry
evolutionists allege that all living things evolved frombetween their three dimensional structures, which is
each other step-by-step, the number and variety ofsimilar to that of a person's right and left hands.
these transitional forms should have been in theAmino acids of either of these two types are found
millions.in equal numbers in nature and they can bond
320-million-year-old cockroach fossilperfectly well with one another. Yet, research
360-million-year-old trilobite fossiluncovers an astonishing fact: all proteins present in
If such creatures had really lived, then we should seethe structure of living things are made up of
their remains everywhere. In fact, if this thesis isleft-handed amino acids. Even a single right-handed
correct, the number of intermediate transitional formsamino acid attached to the structure of a protein
should be even greater than the number of animalrenders it useless.
species alive today and their fossilized remains shouldLet us for an instant suppose that life came into
be abundant all over the world.existence by chance as evolutionists claim. In this
Since Darwin, evolutionists have been searching forcase, the right and left-handed amino acids that were
fossils and the result has been for them a crushinggenerated by chance should be present in nature in
disappointment. Nowhere in the world - neither onroughly equal amounts. The question of how proteins
land nor in the depths of the sea - has anycan pick out only left-handed amino acids, and how
intermediate transitional form between any twonot even a single right-handed amino acid becomes
species ever been uncovered.involved in the life process is something that still
Darwin himself was quite aware of the absence ofconfounds evolutionists. In the Britannica Science
such transitional forms. It was his greatest hope thatEncyclopaedia, an ardent defender of evolution, the
they would be found in the future. Despite hisauthors indicate that the amino acids of all living
hopefulness, he saw that the biggest stumbling blockorganisms on earth and the building blocks of
to his theory was the missing transitional forms. Thiscomplex polymers such as proteins have the same
is why, in his book The Origin of Species, he wrote:left-handed asymmetry. They add that this is
Why, if species have descended from other speciestantamount to tossing a coin a million times and
by fine gradations, do we not everywhere seealways getting heads. In the same encyclopedia, they
innumerable transitional forms? Why is not all naturestate that it is not possible to understand why
in confusion, instead of the species being, as we seemolecules become left-handed or right-handed and
them, well defined?… But, as by this theorythat this choice is fascinatingly related to the source
innumerable transitional forms must have existed,of life on earth.(13)
why do we not find them embedded in countlessIt is not enough for amino acids to be arranged in
numbers in the crust of the earth?… But inthe correct numbers, sequences, and in the required
the intermediate region, having intermediatethree-dimensional structures. The formation of a
conditions of life, why do we not now findprotein also requires that amino acid molecules with
closely-linking intermediate varieties? This difficulty formore than one arm be linked to each other only
a long time quite confounded me.(1)through certain arms. Such a bond is called a "peptide
Darwin was right to be worried. The problembond". Amino acids can make different bonds with
bothered other evolutionists as well. A famous Britisheach other; but proteins comprise those and only
paleontologist, Derek V. Ager, admits thisthose amino acids that join together by "peptide"
embarrassing fact:bonds.
The point emerges that if we examine the fossilResearch has shown that only 50 % of amino acids,
record in detail, whether at the level of orders or ofcombining at random, combine with a peptide bond
species, we find - over and over again - not gradualand that the rest combine with different bonds that
evolution, but the sudden explosion of one group atare not present in proteins. To function properly,
the expense of another.(2)each amino acid making up a protein must join with
The gaps in the fossil record cannot be explainedother amino acids with a peptide bond, as it has only
away by the wishful thinking that not enough fossilsto be chosen from among the left-handed ones.
have yet been unearthed and that these missingUnquestionably, there is no control mechanism to
fossils will one day be found. Another evolutionistselect and leave out the right-handed amino acids and
paleontologist, T. Neville George, explains the reason:personally make sure that each amino acid makes a
There is no need to apologize any longer for thepeptide bond with the other.
poverty of the fossil record. In some ways, it hasUnder these circumstances, the probabilities of an
become almost unmanageably rich and discovery isaverage protein molecule comprising five hundred
outpacing integration… The fossil recordamino acids arranging itself in the correct quantities
nevertheless continues to be composed mainly ofand in sequence, in addition to the probabilities of all
gaps.(3)of the amino acids it contains being only left-handed
Life Emerged on Earth Suddenly and in Complexand combining using only peptide bonds are as
Formsfollows:
When terrestrial strata and the fossil record are- The probability of being in the right sequence = 1
examined, it is seen that living organisms appeared20 500 =1/10 650
simultaneously. The oldest stratum of the earth in- The probability of being left-handed = 1/2 500 =1
which fossils of living creatures have been found is10 150
that of the "Cambrian", which has an estimated age- The probability of combining using a "peptide bond"
of 530-520 million years.= 1/2 499 =1/10 150
Living creatures that are found in the strata belongingTOTAL PROBABILITY = 1/10 950 that is, "1"
to the Cambrian period emerged in the fossil recordprobability in 10 950
all of a sudden without any pre-existing ancestors.As you can see above, the probability of the
The vast mosaic of living organisms, made up offormation of a protein molecule comprising five
such great numbers of complex creatures, emergedhundred amino acids is "1" divided by a number
so suddenly that this miraculous event is referred toformed by placing 950 zeros after a 1, a number
as the "Cambrian Explosion" in scientific literature.incomprehensible to the human mind. This is only a
Most of the organisms found in this stratum haveprobability on paper. Practically, such a possibility has
highly advanced organs like eyes, or systems seen in"0" chance of realization. In mathematics, a probability
organisms with a highly advanced organization suchsmaller than 1 over 10 50 is statistically considered to
as gills, circulatory systems, and so on. There is nohave a "0" probability of realization.
sign in the fossil record to indicate that theseWhile the improbability of the formation of a protein
organisms had any ancestors. Richard Monestarsky,molecule made up of five hundred amino acids
the editor of Earth Sciences magazine, states aboutreaches such an extent, we can further proceed to
the sudden emergence of living species:push the limits of the mind to higher levels of
A half-billion years ago the remarkably complex formsimprobability. In the "haemoglobin" molecule, a vital
of animals that we see today suddenly appeared.protein, there are five hundred and seventy-four
This moment, right at the start of Earth's Cambrianamino acids, which is a much larger number than that
Period, some 550 million years ago, marks theof the amino acids making up the protein mentioned
evolutionary explosion that filled the seas with theabove. Now consider this: in only one out of the
world's first complex creatures. The large animal phylabillions of red blood cells in your body, there are
of today were present already in the early Cambrian"280,000,000" (280 million) haemoglobin molecules.
and they were as distinct from each other then asThe supposed age of the earth is not sufficient to
they are today.(4)afford the formation of even a single protein, let
Not being able to find answers to the question ofalone a red blood cell, by the method of "trial and
how earth came to overflow with thousands oferror". The conclusion from all this is that evolution
different animal species, evolutionists posit anfalls into a terrible abyss of improbability right at the
imaginary period of 20 million years before thestage of the formation of a single protein.
Cambrian Period to explain how life originated andLooking for Answers to the Generation of Life Well
"the unknown happened". This period is called theaware of the terrible odds against the possibility of
"evolutionary gap". No evidence for it has ever beenlife forming by chance, evolutionists were unable to
found and the concept is still conveniently nebulousprovide a rational explanation for their beliefs, so they
and undefined even today.set about looking for ways to demonstrate that the
In 1984, numerous complex invertebrates wereodds were not so unfavorable.
unearthed in Chengjiang, set in the central YunnanThey designed a number of laboratory experiments
plateau in the high country of southwest China.to address the question of how life could generate
Among them were trilobites, now extinct, but no lessitself from non-living matter. The best known and
complex in structure than any modern invertebrate.most respected of these experiments is the one
The Swedish evolutionist paleontologist, Stefanknown as the "Miller Experiment" or "Urey-Miller
Bengston, explains the situation as follows:Experiment", which was conducted by the American
If any event in life's history resembles man's creationresearcher Stanley Miller in 1953.
myths, it is this sudden diversification of marine lifeWith the purpose of proving that amino acids could
when multicellular organisms took over as thehave come into existence by accident, Miller created
dominant actors in ecology and evolution. Bafflingan atmosphere in his laboratory that he assumed
(and embarrassing) to Darwin, this event still dazzleswould have existed on primordial earth (but which
us.(5)later proved to be unrealistic) and he set to work.
The sudden appearance of these complex livingThe mixture he used for this primordial atmosphere
beings with no predecessors is no less baffling (andwas composed of ammonia, methane, hydrogen, and
embarrassing) for evolutionists today than it was forwater vapor.
Darwin 135 years ago. In nearly a century and a half,Miller knew that methane, ammonia, water vapor and
they have advanced not one step beyond the pointhydrogen would not react with each other under
that stymied Darwin.natural conditions. He was aware that he had to
As may be seen, the fossil record indicates that livinginject energy into the mixture to start a reaction. He
things did not evolve from primitive to advancedsuggested that this energy could have come from
forms, but instead emerged all of a sudden and in alightning flashes in the primordial atmosphere and,
perfect state. The absence of the transitional formsrelying on this supposition, he used an artificial
is not peculiar to the Cambrian period. Not a singleelectricity discharge in his experiments.
transitional form verifying the alleged evolutionaryMiller boiled this gas mixture at 100 0 C for a week,
"progression" of vertebrates - from fish toand, in addition, he introduced an electric current into
amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals - has everthe chamber. At the end of the week, Miller analyzed
been found. Every living species appearsthe chemicals that had been formed in the chamber
instantaneously and in its current form, perfect andand observed that three of the twenty amino acids,
complete, in the fossil record.which constitute the basic elements of proteins, had
In other words, living beings did not come intobeen synthesized.
existence through evolution. They were created.This experiment aroused great excitement among
The Most Cherished Pieces of Evidence of Evolutionevolutionists and they promoted it as an outstanding
are Proven to be Invalidsuccess. Encouraged by the thought that this
A four hundred and ten million-year-old Coelacanthexperiment definitely verified their theory,
fish fossil (left). Evolutionists claimed that it was theevolutionists immediately produced new scenarios.
transitional form proving the transition of this fishMiller had supposedly proved that amino acids could
from water to land. The fact that more than fortyform by themselves. Relying on this, they hurriedly
living examples of this fish have been caught in thehypothesized the following stages. According to their
last fifty years reveals that this is still a perfectlyscenario, amino acids had later by accident united in
ordinary fish and that it is still living.the proper sequences to form proteins. Some of
A one hundred and thirty-five million-year-oldthese accidentally formed proteins placed themselves
Archaeopteryx fossil, the alleged ancestor of birds,in cell membrane-like structures, which "somehow"
which is said to have evolved from dinosaurs.came into existence and formed a primitive cell. The
Research on the fossil showed it, on the contrary, tocells united in time and formed living organisms. The
be an extinct bird that had once flown but later lostgreatest mainstay of the scenario was Miller's
that ability.experiment.
EVOLUTION FORGERIESHowever, Miller's experiment was nothing but
Deceptions in Drawingsmake-believe, and has since been proven invalid in
The fossil record is the principal source for thosemany respects.
who seek evidence for the theory of evolution.The Invalidity of Miller's Experiment
When inspected carefully and without prejudice, theNearly half a century has passed since Miller
fossil record refutes the theory of evolution ratherconducted his experiment. Although it has been
than supporting it. Nevertheless, misleadingshown to be invalid in many respects, evolutionists
interpretations of fossils by evolutionists and theirstill advance Miller and his results as absolute proof
prejudiced representation to the public have giventhat life could have formed spontaneously from
many people the impression that the fossil recordnon-living matter. When we assess Miller's experiment
indeed supports the theory of evolution.critically, without the bias and subjectivity of
The susceptibility of some findings in the fossil recordevolutionist thinking, however, it is evident that the
to all kinds of interpretations is what best serves thesituation is not as rosy as evolutionists would have us
evolutionists' purposes. The fossils unearthed arethink. Miller set for himself the goal of proving that
most of the time unsatisfactory for reliableamino acids could form by themselves in earth's
identification. They usually consist of scattered,primitive conditions. Some amino acids were
incomplete bone fragments. For this reason, it is veryproduced, but the conduct of the experiment
easy to distort the available data and to use it asconflicts with his goal in many ways, as we shall now
desired. Not surprisingly, the reconstructions (drawingssee.
and models) made by evolutionists based on suchMiller isolated the amino acids from the environment
fossil remains are prepared entirely speculatively inas soon as they were formed, by using a mechanism
order to confirm evolutionary theses. Since peoplecalled a "cold trap". Had he not done so, the
are readily affected by visual information, theseconditions of the environment in which the amino
imaginary reconstructed models are employed toacids formed would immediately have destroyed the
convince them that the reconstructed creaturesmolecules.
really existed in the past.It is quite meaningless to suppose that some
Evolutionist researchers draw human-like imaginaryconscious mechanism of this sort was integral to
creatures, usually setting out from a single tooth, orearth's primordial conditions, which involved ultraviolet
a mandible fragment or a humerus, and present themradiation, thunderbolts, various chemicals, and a high
to the public in a sensational manner as if they werepercentage of free oxygen. Without such a
links in human evolution. These drawings have playedmechanism, any amino acid that did manage to form
a great role in the establishment of the image ofwould immediately have been destroyed.
"primitive men" in the minds of many people.The primordial atmospheric environment that Miller
These studies based on bone remains can only revealattempted to simulate in his experiment was not
very general characteristics of the creaturerealistic. Nitrogen and carbon dioxide would have been
concerned. The distinctive details are present in theconstituents of the primordial atmosphere, but Miller
soft tissues that quickly vanish with time. With thedisregarded this and used methane and ammonia
soft tissues speculatively interpreted, everythinginstead.
becomes possible within the boundaries of theWhy? Why were evolutionists insistent on the point
imagination of the reconstruction's producer. Earnst A.that the primitive atmosphere contained high
Hooten from Harvard University explains the situationamounts of methane (CH 4 ), ammonia (NH 3 ), and
like this:water vapor (H 2 O)? The answer is simple: without
To attempt to restore the soft parts is an evenammonia, it is impossible to synthesize an amino acid.
more hazardous undertaking. The lips, the eyes, theKevin McKean talks about this in an article published in
ears, and the nasal tip leave no clues on theDiscover magazine:
underlying bony parts. You can with equal facilityMiller and Urey imitated the ancient atmosphere of
model on a Neanderthaloid skull the features of aearth with a mixture of methane and ammonia.
chimpanzee or the lineaments of a philosopher. TheseAccording to them, the earth was a true
alleged restorations of ancient types of man havehomogeneous mixture of metal, rock and ice.
very little if any scientific value and are likely only toHowever in the latest studies, it is understood that
mislead the public… So put not your trust inthe earth was very hot at those times and that it
reconstructions.(6)was composed of melted nickel and iron. Therefore,
Studies Made to Fabricate False Fossilsthe chemical atmosphere of that time should have
Unable to find valid evidence in the fossil record forbeen formed mostly of nitrogen (N 2 ), carbon
the theory of evolution, some evolutionists havedioxide (CO 2 ) and water vapor (H 2 O). However
ventured to manufacture their own. These efforts,these are not as appropriate as methane and
which have even been included in encyclopediasammonia for the production of organic molecules.(14)
under the heading "evolution forgeries", are the mostAfter a long period of silence, Miller himself also
telling indication that the theory of evolution is anconfessed that the atmospheric environment he used
ideology and a philosophy that evolutionists are hardin his experiment was not realistic.
put to defend. Two of the most egregious andAnother important point invalidating Miller's experiment
notorious of these forgeries are described below.is that there was enough oxygen to destroy all the
Piltdown Manamino acids in the atmosphere at the time when
False fossil:evolutionists thought that amino acids formed. This
Piltdown Manoxygen concentration would definitely have hindered
Charles Dawson, a well-known doctor and amateurthe formation of amino acids. This situation
paleoanthropologist, came forth with a claim that hecompletely negates Miller's experiment, in which he
had found a jawbone and a cranial fragment in a pittotally neglected oxygen. If he had used oxygen in
in the area of Piltdown, England, in 1912. Although thethe experiment, methane would have decomposed
skull was human-like, the jawbone was distinctlyinto carbon dioxide and water, and ammonia would
simian. These specimens were christened thehave decomposed into nitrogen and water.
"Piltdown Man". Alleged to be 500 thousand years old,On the other hand, since no ozone layer yet existed,
they were displayed as absolute proofs of humanno organic molecule could possibly have lived on earth
evolution. For more than 40 years, many scientificbecause it was entirely unprotected against intense
articles were written on the "Piltdown Man", manyultraviolet rays.
interpretations and drawings were made and theIn addition to a few amino acids essential for life,
fossil was presented as crucial evidence of humanMiller's experiment also produced many organic acids
evolution.with characteristics that are quite detrimental to the
In 1949, scientists examined the fossil once more andstructures and functions of living things. If he had not
concluded that the "fossil" was a deliberate forgeryisolated the amino acids and had left them in the
consisting of a human skull and the jawbone of ansame environment with these chemicals, their
orang-utan.destruction or transformation into different
Using the fluorine dating method, investigatorscompounds through chemical reactions would have
discovered that the skull was only a few thousandbeen unavoidable. Moreover, a large number of
years old. The teeth in the jawbone, which belongedright-handed amino acids also formed. The existence
to an orang-utan, had been artificially worn down andof these amino acids alone refuted the theory, even
the "primitive" tools that had convenientlywithin its own reasoning, because right-handed amino
accompanied the fossils were crude forgeries thatacids are unable to function in the composition of
had been sharpened with steel implements. In theliving organisms and render proteins useless when
detailed analysis completed by Oakley, Weiner andthey are involved in their composition.
Clark, they revealed this forgery to the public in 1953.To conclude, the circumstances in which amino acids
The skull belonged to a 500-year-old man, and theformed in Miller's experiment were not suitable for life
mandibular bone belonged to a recently deceasedforms to come into being. The medium in which they
ape! The teeth were thereafter specially arranged informed was an acidic mixture that destroyed and
an array and added to the jaw and the joints wereoxidized any useful molecules that might have been
filed in order to make them resemble that of a man.obtained.
Then all these pieces were stained with potassiumEvolutionists themselves actually refute the theory of
dichromate to give them a dated appearance. (Theseevolution, as they are often wont to do, by
stains disappeared when dipped in acid.) Le Grosadvancing this experiment as "proof". If the
Clark, who was a member of the team that disclosedexperiment proves anything, it is that amino acids can
the forgery, could not hide his astonishment:only be produced in a controlled laboratory
The evidences of artificial abrasion immediatelyenvironment where all the necessary conditions have
sprang to the eye. Indeed so obvious did they seembeen specifically and consciously designed. That is,
it may well be asked: how was it that they hadthe experiment shows that what brings life (even the
escaped notice before? (7)"near-life" of amino acids) into being cannot be
Nebraska Manunconscious chance, but rather conscious will - in a
The picture was drawn based on a single tooth and itword, Creation. This is why every stage of Creation
was published in the Illustrated London News of 24this a sign proving to us the existence and might of
July 1922. However, evolutionists were extremelyAllah.
disappointed when it was revealed that this toothThe Miraculous Molecule: DNA
belonged neither to an ape-like creature nor to aThe molecule called DNA contains the complete
man, but to an extinct species of pig.construction plan of the human body.
In 1922, Henry Fairfield Osborn, the ector of theThe theory of evolution has been unable to provide a
American Museum of Natural History, declared thatcoherent explanation for the existence of the
he had found a molar tooth fossil in westernmolecules that are the basis of the cell. Furthermore,
Nebraska near Snake Brook belonging to the Pliocenedevelopments in the science of genetics and the
period. This tooth allegedly bore the commondiscovery of the nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) have
characteristics of both man and ape. Deep scientificproduced brand-new problems for the theory of
arguments began in which some interpreted thisevolution.
tooth to be that of Pithecanthropus erectus whileIn 1955, the work of two scientists on DNA, James
others claimed it was closer to that of modernWatson and Francis Crick, launched a new era in
human beings. This fossil, which aroused extensivebiology. Many scientists ected their attention to the
debate, was popularly named "Nebraska Man". It wasscience of genetics. Today, after years of research,
also immediately given a "scientific name":scientists have, largely, mapped the structure of
"Hesperopithecus Haroldcooki".DNA.
Many authorities gave Osborn their support. Based onHere, we need to give some very basic information
this single tooth, reconstructions of Nebraska Man'son the structure and function of DNA:
head and body were drawn. Moreover, Nebraska ManThe molecule called DNA, which exists in the nucleus
was even pictured with a whole family.of each of the 100 trillion cells in our body, contains
In 1927, other parts of the skeleton were also found.the complete construction plan of the human body.
According to these newly discovered pieces, theInformation regarding all the characteristics of a
tooth belonged neither to a man nor to an ape. Itperson, from the physical appearance to the
was realized that it belonged to an extinct species ofstructure of the inner organs, is recorded in DNA by
wild American pig called Prosthennops.means of a special coding system. The information in
Did Men and Apes Come from a Common Ancestor?DNA is coded within the sequence of four special
According to the claims of the theory of evolution,bases that make up this molecule. These bases are
men and modern apes have common ancestors.specified as A, T, G, and C according to the initial
These creatures evolved in time and some of themletters of their names. All the structural differences
became the apes of today, while another group thatamong people depend on the variations in the
followed another branch of evolution became thesequence of these bases. There are approximately
men of today.3.5 billion nucleotides, that is, 3.5 billion letters in a DNA
Evolutionists call the so-called first common ancestorsmolecule.
of men and apes " Australopithecus " which meansThe DNA data pertaining to a particular organ or
"South African ape". Australopithecus , nothing but anprotein is included in special components called
old ape species that has become extinct, has various"genes". For instance, information about the eye
types. Some of them are robust, while others areexists in a series of special genes, whereas
small and slight.information about the heart exists in quite another
Evolutionists classify the next stage of humanseries of genes. The cell produces proteins by using
evolution as "Homo", that is "man". According to thethe information in all of these genes. Amino acids that
evolutionist claim, the living beings in the Homo seriesconstitute the structure of the protein are defined
are more developed than Australopithecus , and notby the sequential arrangement of three nucleotides in
very much different from modern man. The modernthe DNA.
man of our day, Homo sapiens, is said to haveAt this point, an important detail deserves attention.
formed at the latest stage of the evolution of thisAn error in the sequence of nucleotides making up a
species.gene renders the gene completely useless. When we
The fact of the matter is that the beings calledconsider that there are 200 thousand genes in the
Australopithecus in this imaginary scenario fabricatedhuman body, it becomes more evident how
by evolutionists really are apes that became extinct,impossible it is for the millions of nucleotides making
and the beings in the Homo series are members ofup these genes to form by accident in the right
various human races that lived in the past and thensequence. An evolutionist biologist, Frank Salisbury,
disappeared. Evolutionists arranged various ape andcomments on this impossibility by saying:
human fossils in an order from the smallest to theA medium protein might include about 300 amino
biggest in order to form a "human evolution" scheme.acids. The DNA gene controlling this would have
Research, however, has demonstrated that theseabout 1,000 nucleotides in its chain. Since there are
fossils by no means imply an evolutionary processfour kinds of nucleotides in a DNA chain, one
and some of these alleged ancestors of man wereconsisting of 1,000 links could exist in 4 1000 forms.
real apes whereas some of them were real humans.Using a little algebra (logarithms), we can see that 4
Now, let us have a look at Australopithecus , which1000 =10 600 . Ten multiplied by itself 600 times
represents to evolutionists the first stage of thegives the figure 1 followed by 600 zeros! This
scheme of human evolution.number is completely beyond our comprehension.(15)
Australopithecus : Extinct ApesThe number 4 1000 is equivalent to 10 600. We
Evolutionists claim that Australopithecus are the mostobtain this number by adding 600 zeros to 1. As 10
primitive ancestors of modern men. These are an oldwith 11 zeros indicates a trillion, a figure with 600
species with a head and skull structure similar to thatzeros is indeed a number that is difficult to grasp.
of modern apes, yet with a smaller cranial capacity.Evolutionist Prof. Ali Demirsoy was forced to make
According to the claims of evolutionists, thesethe following admission on this issue:
creatures have a very important feature thatIn fact, the probability of the random formation of a
authenticates them as the ancestors of men:protein and a nucleic acid (DNA-RNA) is inconceivably
bipedalism.small. The chances against the emergence of even a
The movements of apes and men are completelyparticular protein chain are astronomic.(16)
different. Human beings are the only living creaturesIn addition to all these improbabilities, DNA can barely
that move freely about on two feet. Some otherbe involved in a reaction because of its
animals do have a limited ability to move in this way,double-chained spiral shape. This also makes it
but those that do have bent skeletons.impossible to think that it can be the basis of life.
According to evolutionists, these living beings calledMoreover, while DNA can replicate only with the help
Australopithecus had the ability to walk in a bentof some enzymes that are actually proteins, the
rather than an upright posture like human beings.synthesis of these enzymes can be realized only by
Even this limited bipedal stride was sufficient tothe information coded in DNA. As they both depend
encourage evolutionists to project onto theseon each other, either they have to exist at the same
creatures that they were the ancestors of man.time for replication, or one of them has had to be
However, the first evidence refuting the allegations"created" before the other. American microbiologist
of evolutionists that Australopithecus were bipedalJacobson comments on the subject:
came from evolutionists themselves. Detailed studiesThe complete ections for the reproduction of plans,
made on Australopithecus fossils forced evenfor energy and the extraction of parts from the
evolutionists to admit that these looked "too"current environment, for the growth sequence, and
ape-like. Having conducted detailed anatomicalfor the effector mechanism translating instructions
research on Australopithecus fossils in the mid-1970s,into growth - all had to be simultaneously present at
Charles E. Oxnard likened the skeletal structure ofthat moment (when life began). This combination of
Australopithecus to that of modern orang-utans:events has seemed an incredibly unlikely
An important part of today's conventional wisdomhappenstance, and has often been ascribed to divine
about human evolution is based on studies of teeth,intervention.(17)
jaws and skull fragments of australopithecine fossils.The quotation above was written two years after
These all indicate that the close relation of thethe disclosure of the structure of DNA by James
australopithecine to the human lineage may not beWatson and Francis Crick. Despite all the
true. All these fossils are different from gorillas,developments in science, this problem remains
chimpanzees and men. Studied as a group, theunsolved for evolutionists. To sum up, the need for
australopithecine seems more like the orang-utan. (8)DNA in reproduction, the necessity of the presence
What really embarrassed evolutionists was theof some proteins for reproduction, and the
discovery that Australopithecus could not haverequirement to produce these proteins according to
walked on two feet and with a bent posture. Itthe information in the DNA entirely demolish
would have been physically very ineffective forevolutionist theses.
Australopithecus , allegedly bipedal but with a bentTwo German scientists, Junker and Scherer,
stride, to move about in such a way because of theexplained that the synthesis of each of the molecules
enormous energy demands it would have entailed. Byrequired for chemical evolution, necessitates distinct
means of computer simulations conducted in 1996,conditions, and that the probability of the
the English paleoanthropologist Robin Crompton alsocompounding of these materials having theoretically
demonstrated that such a "compound" stride wasvery different acquirement methods is zero:
impossible. Crompton reached the following conclusion:Until now, no experiment is known in which we can
a living being can walk either upright or on all fours. Aobtain all the molecules necessary for chemical
type of in-between stride cannot be sustained forevolution. Therefore, it is essential to produce various
long periods because of the extreme energymolecules in different places under very suitable
consumption. This means that Australopithecus couldconditions and then to carry them to another place
not have been both bipedal and have a bent walkingfor reaction by protecting them from harmful
posture.elements like hydrolysis and photolysis.(18)
Probably the most important study demonstratingIn short, the theory of evolution is unable to prove
that Australopithecus could not have been bipedalany of the evolutionary stages that allegedly occur at
came in 1994 from the research anatomist Fredthe molecular level.
Spoor and his team in the Department of HumanTo summarize what we have said so far, neither
Anatomy and Cellular Biology at the University ofamino acids nor their products, the proteins making
Liverpool, England. This group conducted studies onup the cells of living beings, could ever be produced in
the bipedalism of fossilised living beings. Theirany so-called "primitive atmosphere" environment.
research investigated the involuntary balanceMoreover, factors such as the incredibly complex
mechanism found in the cochlea of the ear, and thestructure of proteins, their right-hand, left-hand
findings showed conclusively that Australopithecusfeatures, and the difficulties in the formation of
could not have been bipedal. This precluded anypeptide bonds are just parts of the reason why they
claims that Australopithecus was human-like.will never be produced in any future experiment
The Homo Series: Real Human Beingseither.
The next step in the imaginary human evolution isEven if we suppose for a moment that proteins
"Homo", that is, the human series. These living beingssomehow did form accidentally, that would still have
are humans who are no different from modern men,no meaning, for proteins are nothing at all on their
yet who have some racial differences. Seeking toown: they cannot themselves reproduce. Protein
exaggerate these differences, evolutionists representsynthesis is only possible with the information coded
these people not as a "race" of modern man but asin DNA and RNA molecules. Without DNA and RNA, it
a different "species". However, as we will soon see,is impossible for a protein to reproduce. The specific
the people in the Homo series are nothing butsequence of the twenty different amino acids
ordinary human racial types.encoded in DNA determines the structure of each
According to the fanciful scheme of evolutionists, theprotein in the body. However, as has been made
internal imaginary evolution of the Homo species is asabundantly clear by all those who have studied these
follows: First Homo erectus , then Homo sapiensmolecules, it is impossible for DNA and RNA to form
archaic and Neanderthal Man, later Cro-Magnon Manby chance.
and finally modern man.The Fact of Creation
Despite the claims of evolutionists to the contrary, allWith the collapse of the theory of evolution in every
the "species" we have enumerated above arefield, prominent names in the discipline of microbiology
nothing but genuine human beings. Let us firsttoday admit the fact of creation and have begun to
examine Homo erectus , who evolutionists refer todefend the view that everything is created by a
as the most primitive human species.conscious Creator as part of an exalted creation. This
The most striking evidence showing that Homois already a fact that people cannot disregard.
erectus is not a "primitive" species is the fossil ofScientists who can approach their work with an open
"Turkana Boy", one of the oldest Homo erectusmind have developed a view called "intelligent design".
remains. It is estimated that the fossil was of aMichael J. Behe, one of the foremost of these
12-year-old boy, who would have been 1.83 metersscientists, states that he accepts the absolute being
tall in his adolescence. The upright skeletal structureof the Creator and describes the impasse of those
of the fossil is no different from that of modernwho deny this fact:
man. Its tall and slender skeletal structure totallyThe result of these cumulative efforts to investigate
complies with that of the people living in tropicalthe cell - to investigate life at the molecular level - is
regions in our day. This fossil is one of the mosta loud, clear, piercing cry of "design!" The result is so
important pieces of evidence that Homo erectus isunambiguous and so significant that it must be ranked
simply another specimen of the modern human race.as one of the greatest achievements in the history
Evolutionist paleontologist Richard Leakey comparesof science. This triumph of science should evoke cries
Homo erectus and modern man as follows:of "Eureka" from ten thousand throats.
One would also see differences in the shape of theBut, no bottles have been uncorked, no hands
skull, in the degree of protrusion of the face, theclapped. Instead, a curious, embarrassed silence
robustness of the brows and so on. Thesesurrounds the stark complexity of the cell. When the
differences are probably no more pronounced thansubject comes up in public, feet start to shuffle, and
we see today between the separate geographicalbreathing gets a bit labored. In private people are a
races of modern humans. Such biological variationbit more relaxed; many explicitly admit the obvious
arises when populations are geographically separatedbut then stare at the ground, shake their heads, and
from each other for significant lengths of time.(9)let it go like that. Why does the scientific community
Leakey means to say that the difference betweennot greedily embrace its startling discovery? Why is
Homo erectus and us is no more than the differencethe observation of design handled with intellectual
between Negroes and Eskimos. The cranial featuresgloves? The dilemma is that while one side of the
of Homo erectus resulted from their manner ofelephant is labeled intelligent design, the other side
feeding, and genetic emigration and from their notmust be labeled God.(19)
assimilating with other human races for a lengthyToday, many people are not even aware that they
period.are in a position of accepting a body of fallacy as
Another strong piece of evidence that Homo erectustruth in the name of science, instead of believing in
is not a "primitive" species is that fossils of thisAllah. Those who do not find the sentence "Allah
species have been unearthed aged twenty-sevencreated you from nothing" scientific enough can
thousand years and even thirteen thousand years.believe that the first living being came into being by
According to an article published in Time - which isthunderbolts striking a "primordial soup" billions of
not a scientific periodical, but nevertheless had ayears ago.
sweeping effect on the world of science - HomoAs we have described elsewhere in this book, the
erectus fossils aged twenty-seven thousand yearsbalances in nature are so delicate and so numerous
were found on the island of Java. In the Kow swampthat it is entirely irrational to claim that they
in Australia, some thirteen thousand year-old fossilsdeveloped "by chance". No matter how much those
were found that bore Homo Sapiens- Homo erectuswho cannot set themselves free from this
characteristics. All these fossils demonstrate thatirrationality may strive, the signs of Allah in the
Homo erectus continued living up to times very closeheavens and the earth are completely obvious and
to our day and were nothing but a human race thatthey are undeniable.
has since been buried in history.Allah is the Creator of the heavens, the earth and all
Archaic Homo Sapiens and Neanderthal Manthat is in between.
Archaic Homo sapiens is the immediate forerunner ofThe signs of His being have encompassed the entire
contemporary man in the imaginary evolutionaryuniverse.
scheme. In fact, evolutionists do not have much toUnder the pen name of Harun Yahya, Adnan Oktar
say about these men, as there are only minorhas written some 250 works. His books contain a
differences between them and modern men. Sometotal of 46,000 pages and 31,500 illustrations. Of
researchers even state that representatives of thisthese books, 7,000 pages and 6,000 illustrations deal
race are still living today, and point to the Aborigineswith the collapse of the Theory of Evolution. You can
in Australia as an example. Like Homo sapiens, theread, free of charge, all the books Adnan Oktar has
Aborigines also have thick protruding eyebrows, anwritten under the pen name Harun Yahya on these
inward-inclined mandibular structure, and a slightlywebsites
smaller cranial volume. Moreover, significant1. Charles Darwin, The Origin of Species: By Means of
discoveries have been made hinting that such peopleNatural Selection or the Preservation of Favoured
lived in Hungary and in some villages in Italy until notRaces in the Struggle for Life, London: Senate Press,
very long ago.1995, p. 134.
Evolutionists point to human fossils unearthed in the2. Derek A. Ager. "The Nature of the Fossil Record."
Neander valley of Holland which have been namedProceedings of the British Geological Association, vol.
Neanderthal Man. Many contemporary researchers87, no. 2, (1976), p. 133.
define Neanderthal Man as a sub-species of modern3. T.N. George, "Fossils in Evolutionary Perspective",
man and call it "Homo sapiens neandertalensis". It isScience Progress, vol.48, (January 1960), p.1-3
definite that this race lived together with modern4. Richard Monestarsky, Mysteries of the Orient,
humans, at the same time and in the same areas.Discover, April 1993, p.40.
The findings testify that Neanderthals buried their5. Stefan Bengston, Nature 345:765 (1990).
dead, fashioned musical instruments, and had cultural6. Earnest A. Hooton, Up From The Ape, New York:
affinities with the Homo sapiens sapiens living duringMcMillan, 1931, p.332.
the same period. Entirely modern skulls and skeletal7. Stephen Jay Gould, Smith Woodward's Folly, New
structures of Neanderthal fossils are not open to anyScientist, 5 April, 1979, p. 44.
speculation. A prominent authority on the subject,8. Charles E.